A rattlesnake bite is a serious event, but by staying calm, following good procedures and using common sense, it doesn't have to be a fatal event.
The less the victim moves the bitten site, the less likely the venom will be profused and cause damage.
- Have the victim lie down with the affected limb lower than the heart. Keep the limb immobilized. If practical, splint the limb.
- Treat for shock and preserve body heat.
- Remove any rings, bracelets, boots, or other restricting items.
- Apply a light constricting band about 2" above and below the bite, however never place the bands on either side of a joint (such as above and below the knee or elbow). This band should be made up of wide, soft material, which could be a handkerchief or shredded clothing. The band should only be as tight as the band the nurse applies when giving a blood test. The purpose of constricting bands is to restrict lymphatic flow, not blood, so they should not be too tight.
- Wash the bite with soap and water (if available).
- Get the victim to immediate medical care for antivenin, which will provide the greatest relief from the toxic effects of the bite. Some individuals develop serious allergic reaction to the antivenin, therefore patients treated with the antivenin need to be monitored closely.
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